On keyboard instruments, tuning pure fifth intervals causes octaves to be out of tune. A temperament is a system in which the tuning of fifths is altered to keep the octaves in tune and allow the use of all notes of the musical scale. This books explores how the 12 notes of the musical scale are tuned on keyboard instruments such as the organ, harpsichord, clavichord, and piano. Discussed are the basis for temperament, the musical implications of a temperament’s characteristics, practical vs. theoretical, techniques and instructions for tuning various temperaments including meantone, Werkmeister, Kirnberger, Vallotti, Young, Kellner, equal, and many others. 228 pages, softbound |